Seeing double is never a good thing and can be a sign to seek medical attention. Seeing double stars, however, can be a thing of beauty.

Some stars that appear as a single point of light to the unaided eye become double stars when magnified with binoculars or a telescope. Optical doubles are two stars that appear close together only by line of sight with no physical attraction to each other. Visual binaries are two or multiple stars that physically orbit each other, taking a few days (or years) to complete an orbit.

If the geometry is just right, one of the binary stars passes in front of the other and we can see a lowering of the overall brightness for a short time period. These are eclipsing binaries, such as the star Algol, the Demon Star, located in the constellation Perseus located in the northeast. With binoculars and a bit of practise, you can witness the subtle change in brightness every 2.8 days as the main star dims for about 10 hours.

Stars come in an array of colours that can be quite evident in some doubles. Their colour is an indication of surface temperature, as all stars burn differently. On the left side of the spectrum, we have the hot blue and blue-white stars that burn at more than 30,000° C. The scale then moves down to green, yellow, and orange, to the far right side, where we find the cooler red ones burning at about 2,500° C. For reference, our sun is a yellow star with a surface temperature of 6,000° C.

One of the best examples of contrasting colours in a double is the star Albireo, found at the head of the constellation Cygnus the Swan, now located in the northwest sky. Using a telescope operating at 60 power, you will see a bright golden-yellow star next to a dimmer blue sun. The two are about 430 light years from Earth and might take as long as 100,000 years to orbit each other.

Since these are points of light and not faint galaxies or gaseous nebulae requiring dark observing sites away from light pollution, double stars can be enjoyed from the city or suburb. Sometimes the beauty and challenge is to split the close together; high magnification might not even separate them into individual components.

No two doubles appear alike, but seeing them with your eyes is a unique experience.

Till next time, clear skies.