David Suzuki: Virus is another sign of failure to protect wild salmon

In 2007 and 2008, a virus wiped out millions of salmon on fish farms in Chile, slamming the country’s aquaculture industry with $2 billion in losses, farm and processing-plant closures, and layoffs of 2,000 workers. Now that same virus, infectious salmon anemia, has been found in wild salmon from B.C.’s Rivers Inlet.

The virus normally affects Atlantic salmon, which is what most salmon farms on B.C.’s coast raise, but it can spread and mutate quickly. Scientists confirm that the virus found in the sockeye salmon from River’s Inlet was the European strain, which means it almost certainly came from a fish farm. We don’t yet know what its effect on Pacific sockeye salmon will be, but it could be catastrophic, especially considering all the other threats B.C.’s wild salmon are facing. There is no vaccine or treatment for infectious salmon anemia (which does not affect humans).

Salmon are more than just a commodity; they are an integral part of West Coast ecosystems and culture. They provide food for marine predators and bears, eagles, and other animals along the rivers and lakes where they spawn. The nitrogen and other nutrients they bring from the ocean are spread to the coastal forests by animals that feed on the fish. Salmon also provide a healthy source of nutrition for people and have been an important element of First Nations cultures for many generations. Losing them would be devastating to local economies and would have a profound impact on coastal ecosystems.

Infectious salmon anemia is just the latest in a list of threats identified during the Cohen Commission of Inquiry into the Decline of Sockeye Salmon in the Fraser River. It’s also one of several that have been linked to open net-pen fish farms. The problem of declining salmon populations is obviously bigger than the sum of its threats. Overfishing, habitat destruction, pollution, and fish farms are all issues that can only be dealt with by addressing the larger structural challenges that plague fisheries management in Canada.

The Cohen Commission is wrapping up its hearings and will report to government at the end of June 2012. The David Suzuki Foundation, as part of the Conservation Coalition represented by Ecojustice, submitted recommendations on October 17. One of the coalition’s main conclusions was that we can’t protect wild salmon until we change the way government and Fisheries and Oceans Canada operate. To begin, Fisheries and Oceans is charged with promoting the fish-farming industry, which is absurd. It should focus on its primary mandate of using strong science and monitoring and enforcement to conserve fish.

Canada has a strong conservation tool with its Wild Salmon Policy. But even though it was released in 2005, it has yet to be implemented. Without the policy, and with conflicting mandates and budget cutbacks, the DFO has not been able to do its job properly. The government should restore the independence and transparency of science by re-establishing an independent fisheries research board. Instead of cutting budgets, it should provide money and resources to monitor and enforce regulations to protect fish and habitat. It could start by putting money now used to promote industry into science and conservation.

The government should also address major threats to wild salmon by getting open net-cage salmon farms off wild salmon migration routes and making sure endangered stocks are not overfished. But that’s just a start. We need to move from open net-pen fish farming to closed-containment systems that eliminate interaction between farmed and wild salmon. The government should also do more to confront climate change, which will have an impact on salmon and all marine species.

The problems may seem overwhelming, but with strong policies and regulations, adequate resources, and a Fisheries and Oceans department focused on protecting fish, we can start to address them. Justice Bruce Cohen has heard from many people and groups, and we’re confident that his report will be thorough. Of course, we hope and expect that he will include the recommendations of the Conservation Coalition as well as other environmental groups, First Nations, and all stakeholders who care about the survival of wild Pacific salmon. It will then be up to the government to act quickly on the recommendations. The salmon depend on it. And we depend on the salmon.

Dr. David Suzuki is a scientist, broadcaster, author, and co-founder of the David Suzuki Foundation. Written with contributions from David Suzuki Foundation aquatic biologist Jeffery Young.

Learn more at www.davidsuzuki.org.

Comments

5 Comments

Geoff Gerhart

Oct 25, 2011 at 11:52pm

To David

Thank you for your words regarding one of the biggest problems that have hit the west coast ecosystem of North America. The world is watching now and we have to get this one right. If we do the rest of the world will follow. If not we are screwd and the world will have no respect for us as a nation.

Clayton Lloyd-Jones

Oct 26, 2011 at 9:13am

The americans are already calling the virus Canadian Salmon Anemia and are doing more than our government by taking this seriously.

Michael Harvey

Oct 26, 2011 at 11:14am

It's time to take off our rose colored glasses and have an honest look at Canadian environmental practices. The news lately has covered one rapacious environmental disaster after another. First was tar sands, then brutal clear cutting, and chemical heavy mining practices, and now it's salmon anemia spread by the salmon farming industry that controls the B.C. government. Canadian resource extraction corporations are earning a reputation for brutal practices on both sides of the border.
Oh Canada...you're asleep. Where is your "occupy" movement?

Michael Harvey

Oct 26, 2011 at 11:19am

Canada is earning a world wide reputation for environmental exploitation by corporations that control the government at home. Now, we see that they are trying to do the same on the US side.
Oh Canada..why are you letting this happen?

Sheeple

Oct 26, 2011 at 11:36am

It would be sweet justice if the Virus slammed the Fish Farms here in BC.

But the problem is also that native Salmon are subject to this death as well.

Until we have catastrophic natural events on a global scale Governments and Industry work together to circumvent most Environmental Protection for the SHORT TERM PROFITS.

The following is a Video from Ted on a Natural Fish in a Natural Ecosystem that is sustainable not some Farmed Crap

http://www.ted.com/talks/dan_barber_how_i_fell_in_love_with_a_fish.html